ABSTRACT
Risk assessment for fast growing burden of cardiovascular diseases is very important and difficult. As a response to this challenge, in particular, genetic risk factors which potentially modify risk, we conducted a survey of primary data registry of Shiraz Heart Study on integration and application of family history data in prevention of cardiovascular disorders. This study is a longitudinal cohort project to be extended from subpopulations of different job groups to the community. Parental family history of MI, diabetes mellitus [DM], hyperlipidemia [HPL], hypertension [HTN] was reported more frequently among females than males. Histories of MI, DM, HPL, and HTN in both parents were respectively positive in 2.6%, 2%, 4.6%, and 7.9% of the participants. Odd ratios [OR] for risk of MI from family history of MI were 2.7; risk of DM from family history of DM 4.5; risk of HPL from family history of HPL 2.04; and risk of HTN from family history HTN 4.7. Also, family history of MI modifies risk of HPL [OR=1.7, P<0.0001]; and family history of DM modifies risk of HPL [OR=2.04, P<0.0001]. Our primary result shows potent application of family history data in risk assessment of cardiovascular outcome. In particular, HTN appears as a silent and leading risk modifier. In regard to the course of continuing Shiraz Heart Study integration of family history of risk factors crucial in public health we suggest to adopt a network of electronic health records from the [Health House] to the [Heart House]
ABSTRACT
Patent foramen ovale [PFO] causes a right-to-left shunt in about a quarter of normal population. Hypercoagulation may be a risk factor for embolic cerebrovascular accidents [CVA] in these patients by paradoxical emboli. In this study, we checked hypercoagulation states in the embolic CVA patients with PFO. In a cross- sectional study, 40 patients with CVA or transient ischemic attack [TIA] and PFO participated in the study. Serum level of Homocystein, lupus anticoagulant screening test, Factor V leiden, Anti Cardiolipin Antibody [ACLA] [IgG, IgM], Anti- thrombin III, protein C, protein S,Anti B2 glycoprotein1 and platelet count were checked in all patients. The data were analyzed using the statistical package for social science series [SPSS 15.0] and descriptive statistical method. The mean age was 42.4 +/- 12.1. Seventeen [42.5%] patients were females. Twenty- two [55%] cases were diagnosed as having CVA and the others as TIA. Three [7.5%] of the patients were diabetic and 8 [20%] had a history of different stages of hypertension. Hyperlipidemia was detected in 6 [15%] patients and according to the laboratory data none had any signs of hypercoagulation. According to the present study, hypercoagulation as a cofactor in CVA patients with PFO did not seem to be a direct risk factor for embolic CVA at least any higher than for normal population
ABSTRACT
Coronary artery diseases [CAD] are the leading cause of mortality, morbidity and disability with high health care cost in any countries including Iran. The prevalence of all CAD risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, lipid profile abnormalities and obesity is rising in the population of Iran. Knowing the population at risk would lead to proper education to decrease these risk factors and ultimately would reduce CAD. This descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted in February to December 2009 and comprised a total of 3115 Shiraz educational staff, aged 21- 73 years. Questionnaires were applied to collect information including; demographic data, physical activity, history of CAD, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking. In addition, waist circumference, height, weight, body mass index [BMI], and hip circumference [HC] were measured and serum biochemistry profiles were determined on venous blood samples. Such data helped identify the prevalence of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, overweight and obesity, central obesity, and smoking. The mean age of 3115 participant was 42.7 and 41.5 years for men and women respectively. The prevalence of pre-diabetes, diabetes hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia were%10.2,%4,%18.2,%38.30 and%33.2 respectively. Diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia were more prevalent among males and older subjects. The prevalence of central obesity was%75.05 [IDF criteria] and%40.64 [ATP- III criteria]. The frequency of obesity, current smoking, ex-smoking and passive smoking were%12.1,%5.85,%1.52 ,%7.9 respectively which were below the reported prevalence in Iran in previous studies, but physical inactivity was%73.3 which is very high in this study group. Although CAD risk factors seem to be very common in the study population, clinical and paraclinical data indicated that teachers residing in Shiraz have a lower rate of CAD risk factors in comparison with previous studies done in general population of Iran. This may be related to high level of education, awareness and better lifestyle in the study group. But still further educating in regard to lifestyle modifications as well as dietary surveillance is needed in general population including those dealing with educating children and on a larger scale, the community as a whole
ABSTRACT
Ischemic left ventricular [LV] dysfunction is one of the major causes of LV dyssynchrony. This is indicative of poor prognosis in patients with LV dysfunction and correction of ischemia by Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting [CABG] may resynchronize LV contraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CABG on LV dyssynchrony, systolic and diastolic function. The present study comprised 31 patients with ischemic LV dysfunction with Ejection Fraction [EF:25- 50%]. Echocardiography with Tissue Doppler Imaging [TDI] was performed to assess LV dyssynchrony [calculated by basal LV segment],to evaluate diastolic function by measurement of peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity [E[m]], systolic function by measurement of peak early systolic mitral annular velocity [S[m]] and Ejection Fraction [EF] by Simpson method. Mean LV dyssychrony before CABG was 30 +/- 16 ms that decreased to 22 +/- 14 ms after operation [P=0.04].There was also improved diastolic and systolic function after CABG [E[m] 0.04m/s versus 0.05 m/s, P=0.01 and S[m] 0.06 m/s versus 0.08 m/s P=0.01].The mean ejection fraction rose from 40 +/- 8.6% to 42 +/- 8.2% [P=0.01]. CABG is associated with improvement of LV dyssynchrony, systolic and diastolic function in patients with ischemic LV dysfunction
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Coronary Artery Bypass , Systole , Diastole , Echocardiography, Doppler , Stroke Volume , Acute Coronary SyndromeABSTRACT
Androgenic Anabolic Steroids [AAS] are often used by athletes for enhancing athletic performance but are strongly associated with detrimental cardiovascular effects including sudden cardiac death1. Herein, we present a 24 year-old professional soccer player who suffered acute myocardial infarction after nandrolone consumption